ABSTRACT Considering the concept of quality of life in cities to be the same, urban planners do not have a precise understANDing of the factors affecting the quality of life. Therefore, according to the size of the city, different indicators should be considered to measure the quality of life. Thus, according to the main goal of the research, which is to recognize, identify AND compile the factors affecting the improvement of the quality of life in middle AND SMALL cities on an intra-provincial scale, Qazvin AND Zia Abad cities in Qazvin province were selected as study samples. In order to achieve the goal of the research, exploratory factor analysis AND regression analysis were exerted. The findings show that the homogenization of the indicators affecting the quality of life in all cities is incorrect. Some concepts, such as the size of the city, are effective in compiling AND selecting the indicators affecting the quality of life. So, the indicators affecting the quality of life in each city can be different according to some concepts, such as the city's characteristics or the city's size. Examining study samples also shows that in SMALL cities, social indicators are more important due to strong social solidarity among people AND the high importance of social AND cultural concepts. Moreover, in middle cities, due to the importance of finding economic concepts AND urban services in people's lives AND people's less communication with each other AND the weakening of solidarity AND social connections, indicators of urban services AND facilities AND economic factors have the most importance in explaining the quality of life; this shows that the Quality of life indicators are different in all cities Extended Abstract Introduction Quality of life is a multifaceted AND dynamic concept that can be different from city to city AND region to region AND can be defined by various indicators. Not paying attention to this issue AND considering the concept of quality of life equally in all cities has caused the level of quality of life to decrease in many cities, especially middle AND SMALL cities, in recent years. On the other hAND, considering the concept of quality of life in cities to be the same, urban planners do not have a precise understANDing of the factors affecting the quality of life. Following this, the main goal of this research is to identify, identify AND compile effective factors for improving the quality of life in middle AND SMALL cities on an intra-provincial scale. In order to achieve this goal, the cities of Qazvin AND Zia Abad in Qazvin province were selected as study samples, so that according to the size of the city, in order to achieve the goal of the research, the factors affecting the quality of life are analyzed on an intra-provincial scale.   Methodology The research method is applied research based on quantitative methods. In line with data analysis, after extracting 60 indicators of quality of life, first, the indicators were separated into separate AND structured factors using the exploratory factor analysis method in SPSS software. AND then, step by step regression method was used to measure the effective factors in improving the quality of life in cities.   Results AND discussion The research findings show that based on exploratory factor analysis, 16 factors were extracted in Zia Abad city AND 15 factors in Qazvin city as effective factors on the quality of life in SMALL AND middle cities. In order to present AND explain the factors affecting the improvement of the quality of life in SMALL AND middle cities, the factors extracted from the factor analysis were analyzed by multivariate regression method AND step-by-step method. Furthermore, finally, (13) factors were introduced in Zia   Abad AND (13) factors in Qazvin as the main factors influencing the quality of life. The analysis of the findings indicates that in Zia Abad, factors such as life expectancy AND social relations, security, the state of urban services AND access to urban facilities, living expenses, the state of urban furniture, urban traffic, the state of offices AND housing have more effects in explaining AND improving the quality of life. In Qazvin, factors such as the state of urban services, the state of green AND public spaces in the city, the state of security AND economic opportunities in the city, the density AND hope of urban, economic, AND cultural life, the state of roads AND leisure in the city are effective in explaining the quality of life. Following this, according to the above findings, quality of life is a multidimensional AND dynamic concept that directly relates to the type of cities AND the specific characteristics of cities. Therefore, the quality of life AND its indicators can differ from city to city; because every city has its characteristics AND characteristics with citizens with different cultures AND thinking, which causes the factors affecting the quality of life to be different. Therefore, considering the quality of life AND its indicators to be the same in all cities is wrong, which can lead to the decline of the quality of life AND the failure of quality of life improvement programs.   Conclusion Finally, the research results indicate that quality of life is a simple concept covering various urban life aspects. This concept can be defined as a determining factor in the excellence AND progress of cities AND residents' satisfaction with their urban life. It is multifaceted AND dependent on place AND time. As a result, the perception of people in different cities AND communities about the concept of quality of life AND the factors affecting it can be different. Following this, factors AND indicators should be selected according to the characteristics AND conditions of that city in urban planning to improve the quality of life for each city. Thus, this research, using the classification of cities based on the size of the city, has presented factors specifically for middle AND SMALL cities, which in SMALL cities due to strong social solidarity among people AND the great importance of social AND cultural concepts, social indicators are more important. Moreover, in middle cities, due to the importance of finding economic concepts AND urban services in people's lives AND people's less communication with each other AND the weakening of solidarity AND social connections, indicators of urban services AND facilities AND economic factors have the most importance in explaining the quality of life; this shows that the quality of life indicators are different in all cities.   Funding There is no funding support.   Authors’ Contribution All of the authors approved the content of the manuscript AND agreed on all aspects of the work.   Conflict of Interest Authors declared no conflict of interest.   Acknowledgments We are grateful to all the scientific.

A credit transaction as a way of buying AND selling goods AND services, in which the price is not paid in cash,contains several risks for the seller. The risks of non-payment AND bankruptcy of the buyer are the most important ones that could endanger the liquidity cycle AND even life of the seller. The weight of the risk depends on the amount of capital AND deals of companies. So, SMEs may harm more. Credit insurance is a common way of credit risk management which does not commonly used by the SMEs, notwithstANDing their fragility AND requirement. In this article the ability AND efficiency of credit insurance for management of credit risks of this ENTERPRISES is examined. The authors consider that credit insurance could be one of the best methods of management of the risk for SMEs.

User Relationships Management (URM) is a management approach to maintaining successful relationships with customers AND users over time in order to keep the user profitable. The aim of this study is to design a profitability model for the end user from the perspective of technology entrepreneurs in the software industry of Iran with a mixed method. The statistical population includes all technology entrepreneurs those who work as analysts AND programmers, system support, professional users, managers AND marketers in the software industry. Using the Cochran's formula, 132 people were selected as statistical samples. To collect the data, a researcher-made questionnaire consisting of 51 items was used, the formal AND content validity of which was confirmed by 30 experts AND its reliability in a preliminary test with 30 subjects for all variables studied above 0. 7. It came to an acceptable level. To analyze the data, descriptive statistical methods with SPSS software AND inferential statistics were used to model structural equations in Smart PLS software. The findings showed that sales promotion factors on social value, product social value on product emotional value, product performance value on product economic value, product economic value on user satisfaction factors, product emotional value on user satisfaction factors, user satisfaction factors on loyalty AND loyalty The user affects the user's profitability. But the product social value does not affect the product economic value.

purpose of this study is design, entrepreneurship development model for SMALL AND MEDIUM organizations in technical AND professional organizations using a three dimensional model (Breeding Characteristics, Stimulates Motivation AND Entrepreneurship Skills AND Knowledge Sample included 260 SMALL AND MEDIUM Size subsidiary companies of technical AND professional Organization in MazANDaran Province. Required data gathered by using a questionnair with stANDard components AND the reliability coefficient of 91%. Results based on Wilcoxon test using Spss software showed that technical AND professional training in SMALL AND MEDIUM organizations entrepreneurship development have been effective. Factor analysis test presented the variables in the form of seven factors, AND ultimately the structural equation modeling examine the model in the form of direct AND indirect impact AND the model confirmed in genrral. At the end of study, also presented detailed results AND findings, conclusion of these cases are discussed AND compared, AND practical suggestions AND recommendations related to follow-up continued similar research in the future, has been presented.

This study examines the effects of organizational culture (OC) on corporate entrepreneurship (CE) among SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES (SMEs). First, some models were developed to measure organizational culture AND corporate entrepreneurial activities. These models measure the key factors of OC that influence personnel to initiate CE AND different entrepreneurial activities that SMEs applied for success. For this purpose, the stratified data sampling method was used AND samples were selected from middle managers of SMEs in Yazd Province. Based on factors loading scores AND components loading distribution, latent factors were extracted AND named. The study concluded the existence of twelve different factors for OC AND four factors for CE. These results were confirmed by other relevant studies. Validity of conceptual models derived in respect of OC AND CE was assessed through path analysis AND confirmatory factor analysis. The results indicated the causality between indicators AND latent factors. Then, a structural model was developed based on the relationship between latent factors of OC AND corporate entrepreneurship. Result confirms the effects of all cultural factors except for strategic motives on SME’s innovational actions. Coordination factor has negative effect AND tendency to change has the most effect on innovation AND organizational self renewal. Developing the culture to be open to changes is the best solution in order to succeed in the SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES. The climate of harmony has more effect on Risky investments in business.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors affecting exports AND the competitiveness of SMALL AND MEDIUM industries in Iran in order to develop exports. Competitiveness for SMALL AND MEDIUM-sized ENTERPRISES is an important AND central issue that serves as a tool to achieve optimal economic growth AND sustainable development. This study analyzes the factors affecting the export AND competitiveness of these industries AND the ranking of their competitiveness in the period 2002-18, using the data of industrial ENTERPRISES by three-digit ISIC codes 10 to 149 employees. In this study, four indicators of relative price, unit wage of labor force, the ratio of capital formation to changes in sales AND value added of employees of industrial ENTERPRISES have been considered as factors affecting changes in competitiveness. In this study, data panel econometric method is used, which shows that the export elasticity of SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES to production, labor wage AND value added per unit of labor are equal to 0. 48,-0. 55 AND 0. 67, respectively. The industries of Processing AND preserving of fish, crustaceans AND molluscs have the highest export competitiveness AND the Manufacture of medical AND dental instruments AND supplies have the lowest one.

SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES (SMEs) play a vital role in the economy. In developing countries, these companies play an important role in creating employment, especially for women. Investing in the development of SMEs is a long-term AND smart strategy with sustainable returns. SMEs constitute the vast majority of companies. Globally, SMEs constitute more than 95% of all productive units, when formal AND informal SMEs are considered, about 50% of GDP AND 60-70% of total employment are linked to SMEs. Since the global financial crisis, improving access to capital for SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES has been on the agenda of global reforms. The purpose of this article is to examine the development AND growth opportunities as well as the main challenges of Islamic financing for SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES. This article will help to deepen the understANDing of Islamic finance concepts as well as SMALL AND MEDIUM industries. In addition, it provides solutions for Islamic financial institutions to support SMALL AND MEDIUM industries.